Modifiers

Modifiers influence the final value of both Checks and Effect Rolls.

Both Checks and Difficulties use modifiers (but a given modifier generally only applies to one or the other).

All modifiers have a type.
For each type, you take the highest bonus (positive) and lowest penalty (negative) value, then subtract the penalty from the bonus for the final value.
- Note - modifiers of the same type (and +/- sign) do not stack, except for universal modifiers.

Example

The base bonus Modifier of a check, which is always added.

If you have a proficiency rank, the Proficiency Bonus equals Character Level + Proficiency rank.
If you have no proficiency rank, you are Untrained. The Proficiency Bonus is half your Character Level, rounded down.

Some actions may incur a Benefit or Detriment to another check, changing the rank of the Difficulty Rank.

Item modifier. Gained from a used item, such as a hacking rig or a magic dagger. Items always specify whether or not they grant an item modifier.
Circumstance modifier. Gained from extenuating circumstances, such as the environment - like sneaking in a dark alleyway, or balancing across a river on slick stones.
Status modifier. Gained from particular things such as potions, magic, and conditions.
Defense Modifier. Aka. Proficiency Bonus of one of a Defense.
Universal modifier. Special game-mechanic related modifiers, including Multiple Attack Penalty, Range, and some rare bonuses. Unlike other modifiers, universal modifiers stack with themselves.